The total amount of ATP produced during a single cycle of cellular respiration varies greatly depending on the organism and the type of respiration it undergoes. For example, a single cycle of anaerobic respiration can produce up to 14 ATP molecules whereas aerobic respiration can produce up to 36 ATP molecules.
However, both respiration processes involve three metabolic steps which ultimately produce ATP molecules: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is processed and can produce four molecules of ATP. The Krebs cycle is responsible for oxidizing and breaking down molecules of pyruvate to produce two molecules of ATP.
Finally, oxidative phosphorylation utilizes the energy of electrons from hydrogen ions and NADH to produce up to ten additional molecules of ATP.
Overall, the total amount of ATP produced through cellular respiration then, is between 14 and 36 ATP molecules.
Table of Contents
Does cellular respiration produce 36 or 38 ATP?
Cellular respiration is the set of metabolic processes by which cells obtain energy to function and grow. Through this process, cells convert the energy contained in macromolecules such as glucose into a form that can be used by the cell, which is called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The exact amount of ATP produced by cellular respiration depends on the type of cells and the substrates used and can range from 30 to 38 ATP molecules. In general, the aerobic form of cellular respiration produces 36 ATP molecules, while the anaerobic form produces only two ATP molecules.
Therefore, in most cases, cellular respiration produces 36 ATP molecules. However, the amount of ATP can be increased when certain substrates or processes are used, resulting in the production of 38 ATP molecules.
What produces up to 38 ATP?
The electron transport chain produces up to 38 ATP molecules during oxidative phosphorylation. This occurs when the oxygen molecules found in the air that we breathe are used in the mitochondria of cells, along with the molecules NADH and FADH2, to drive the production of ATP molecules.
The NADH and FADH2 molecules are created during the breakdown of glucose during glycolysis, which provides electrons that are passed along a series of proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
As these proteins transfer the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen, energy is released which is used to create a proton gradient across the membrane. The proton gradient is used to drive the enzyme ATP synthetase, which produces ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
In the human body, the electron transport chain produces between 26 and 38 ATP molecules for every molecule of glucose broken down.
Why is net ATP 36 or 38?
Net ATP is typically 36 or 38 because that is the amount of ATP produced from aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells (those with a nucleus). This is the total amount of ATP generated from the breakdown of one molecule of glucose and is the result of the enzymatic processes of glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, with a total input of 2 molecules of ATP and an output of 4 molecules of ATP. During the Krebs cycle, each pyruvate is further broken down, releasing a total of 8 molecules of NADH, 2 molecules of FADH2, and 1 molecule of GTP.
Each of these substrates can produce ATP as they are oxidized in the electron transport chain. NADH and FADH2 can each generate an average of 2. 5 and 1. 5 molecules of ATP, respectively, while GTP can directly be turned into ATP, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP molecules.
Adding the ATP molecules produced in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle yields a total of 36 or 38 ATP molecules from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (2 from glycolysis and 34-36 from the Krebs cycle).
Where are the 38 ATP produced?
The 38 ATP molecules are produced during cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process in which biochemical reactions occur in cells in order to generate energy for the cell. During cellular respiration, energy molecules, known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) are generated in the form of chemical energy.
ATP production occurs in all cells, but the majority of ATP production happens in the mitochondria. The mitochondria are organelles of the eukaryotic cell responsible for energy production and they are the cellular powerhouse.
During cellular respiration, the energy of glucose is extracted via a series of biochemical reactions. These reactions happen in the mitochondria and produce 38 ATP molecules. During the process of glycolysis, glucose is broken down and the energy is used to phosphorylate ADP (adenosine diphosphate) molecules, turning them into ATP.
To generate additional ATP, the mitochondria uses a process known as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle. During the Krebs cycle, two additional ATP molecules are produced as well as other molecules such as NADH, FADH2, and CO2.
The NADH and FADH2 molecules are then used in the final stage of cellular respiration known as oxidative phosphorylation. During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons from the NADH and FADH2 molecules are used to produce a proton gradient which generates a large amount of ATP.
In total, oxidative phosphorylation produces approximately 34 ATP molecules, making the total amount of ATP produced by cellular respiration 38 molecules.
Does photosynthesis produce 38 ATP?
No, photosynthesis does not produce 38 ATP. Photosynthesis is a process that uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into molecular oxygen (O2) and organic compounds, such as glucose. During this process, ATP is produced, but the exact amount can vary.
Typically, photosynthesis produces between 3 and 8 ATP molecules. However, in some cases, higher amounts of ATP can be produced through a process known as cyclic photophosphorylation, which can produce up to 38 ATP molecules.
The exact amount of ATP produced by photosynthesis depends on the efficiency of the system, the available light energy, and other environmental factors.
How are 38 molecules of ATP produced in glycolysis?
The primary metabolic pathway by which most eukaryotic cells generate energy is glycolysis. Glycolysis is a process in which glucose is broken down and converted into ATP, the energy currency of cells.
Through a series of reactions, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and in the process, 38 molecules of ATP are produced in a single round of glycolysis.
The ATP is produced primarily through substrate-level phosphorylation, which is a process in which organic molecules serve as a phosphate donor in which a phosphate group is directly attached to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to create ATP.
Within glycolysis, this process occurs at three steps: glucokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. At these steps, ATP is used as an energy source and is used to drive the reaction forward.
In addition, the free energy from the cleavage of a high-energy phosphoanhydride bond during the formation of two molecules of pyruvate also helps to release energy for ATP formation; this is known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Thus, within one round of glycolysis, 38 molecules of ATP are produced through substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
How much energy is 38 ATP?
38 ATP is equal to approximately 169 kilojoules (kJ) of chemical energy, which is roughly equivalent to the amount of energy contained in 6. 8 servings of an average banana (25 calories per serving).
ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell, and is generated in the mitochondrion by the process of respiration. ATP is composed of three phosphate groups, each containing one high-energy bond that can be used to provide energy for other cellular processes.
Hydrolysis of the bonds in one ATP molecule releases one high-energy phosphate group, equivalent to 7. 3 kilocalories (kcal) of free energy. Therefore, 38 ATP molecules would contain a total of 277 kcal of energy.
Why do we use 36 ATP instead of 38?
The two ATP molecules not usually included in the calculation of the total of ATP used in cellular respiration are the two molecules that are produced during the process of substrate-level phosphorylation.
During the process of substrate level phosphorylation, enzymes transfer a phosphate group from an activated substrate to ADP to produce ATP outside of the electron transport chain. These two molecules are not commonly included in the calculation of ATP used in cellular respiration as they are produced spontaneously and not as a result of energy being used by the mitochondria.
As such, these two molecules of ATP are not typically included in calculations of ATP produced or used and thus, when calculating the ATP used in cellular respiration, we usually use a total of 36 ATP molecules.
Is it 36 ATP or 38 ATP?
The number of ATP molecules produced during cellular respiration is dependent on the type of respiration, either aerobic or anaerobic, that the cell is undergoing. In aerobic respiration, which takes place with the presence of oxygen, 36 ATP molecules are produced.
On the other hand, in anaerobic respiration, which takes place without the presence of oxygen, 38 ATP molecules are produced. Thus, the answer to the question depends on the type of respiration the cell is undergoing.
Why do some cells produce 36 ATP?
The process of cellular respiration is an important biological process that enables cells to produce energy. Cells acquire energy from glucose, converting it into a form of energy that the cell can use – ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Through a series of metabolic reactions, catalyzed by enzymes, one molecule of glucose can produce 36 molecules of ATP.
The most efficient means of producing ATP in cells is called aerobic respiration, which occurs when oxygen is present. The aerobic respiration process involves four main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, the electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose is broken down in the glycolysis stage and the energy contained within is released as ATP. The Krebs cycle then takes pyruvate produced from glycolysis, and turns it into ATP, NADH, and FADH2.
Inside the mitochondria, the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are sent through a series of complexes along the inner membrane of the mitochondria, called the electron transport chain, producing ATP. Lastly, the ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation, which transfers the energy of the electrons to ATPs.
These four steps produce a total of 36 ATP molecules.
In addition to aerobic respiration, cells can also produce ATP through anaerobic respiration. This process is less efficient since it produces far fewer ATP molecules than aerobic respiration. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is oxidized into lactic acid and only 2 ATP molecules are produced, compared to the 36 ATP molecules produced in aerobic respiration.
Why is the total count about 36 or 38?
The total count of 36 or 38 is commonly found when counting shoulder muscles. The shoulder is a complex joint that is made up of multiple muscles, ligaments, and tendons which allow its range of motion.
The shoulder has two main muscles that make up the bulk of it’s function: the deltoid and the rotator cuff. The deltoid contributes to the bulk of the shoulder’s movement and is made up of three sections – anterior, medial, and posterior.
The rotator cuff is composed of four smaller muscles – the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, the teres minor, and the subscapularis.
These seven muscles make up the larger muscle groups that work together to allow the arm to move in a variety of directions. When these muscle groups are counted as individual muscles, the total count is 36 or 38, which explains why that number is commonly used to represent the number of shoulder muscles.
What is 38 ATP used in?
38 ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is an organic molecule found in all living cells. It is commonly referred to as the “molecular currency” of the cell, as it is essential for a wide range of biological processes, including protein synthesis, enzyme activity, and cellular respiration.
ATP is often used as a form of energy storage and transport, in which chemical energy from earlier catabolic processes is converted into a form of energy that can be immediately used by the body.
ATP is involved in several biological processes, such as signal transduction and the regulation of metabolism. In signal transduction, ATP is used to generate a second messenger, such as IP3 or cAMP, which will cause a specific cellular response.
Enzymes also use ATP to drive metabolic reactions, allowing complex molecules to be broken down into simpler components. Additionally, ATP is required for muscle contraction, as its breakdown to ADP and P releases energy which is used to power the contractile proteins of muscle cells.
Furthermore, ATP is involved in processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and translation. DNA replication, the process of copying genomic information into new cells, requires ATP to provide the energy for DNA polymerase to carry out the reaction.
In transcription, the synthesis of mRNA from DNA templates is driven by ATP, which is used to phosphasylate the nucleoside triphosphates. ATP also provides energy for translation, the process of converting genetic information within mRNA into protein.
In summary, 38 ATP is used in a variety of biological processes, most of which involve energy metabolism, signal transduction, and protein synthesis. As such, it is an essential molecule in the cell, and its usage is crucial for the proper functioning of cellular processes.
Is 36 ATP aerobic or anaerobic?
ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is a compound used by all living organisms to store and quickly release energy. The use of ATP is the main source of metabolic energy in the body, and it is produced either aerobically or anaerobically.
Aerobic ATP is produced when oxygen is used to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins through a process called oxidative phosphorylation, or respiration. This process produces 36 molecules of ATP, which is more than anaerobic systems.
Anaerobic ATP is produced when carbohydrates are broken down without oxygen to form simpler molecules and lactic acid. Although this process is costlier, it is quicker and allows for short bursts of energy.
Anaerobic ATP only produces two molecules of ATP.
In conclusion, 36 ATP is aerobic, as it is produced when oxygen is used to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
How much ATP is produced in total?
The total amount of ATP produced in the bodies of humans and other animals is not entirely known, but it is estimated to be around 50kg per day. This is produced through the breakdown of the energy-containing molecules known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during the process of metabolism.
ATP is the primary source of energy used to power many biological processes, such as muscle contraction and enzyme activity, as well as the synthesis of macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.
In humans, energy is obtained by breaking down carbohydrates, fats and proteins that are ingested through the diet, and the ATP produced is then used in a number of different processes such as muscle contraction and nerve signal transmission.
Ultimately, the amount of ATP produced and used in the body is determined by the amount of energy that is available from the diet, and this can vary considerably from person to person.
