No, negative ions do not have more protons than electrons. In order for an atom or ion to be considered to have a negative charge, it must have more electrons than protons. For example, chlorine typically has 17 protons and 17 electrons, making it a neutral atom.
However, when chlorine gains an extra electron it is then called a chloride ion and has a negative charge because it has 18 electrons and 17 protons. Similarly, for a cation to have a positive charge, it must have more protons than electrons meaning that it will not be possible for an atom/ion to have a more negative charge than a positive charge.
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How many protons and electrons does a negative ion have?
A negative ion typically has more electrons than protons. The general formula for an ionic compound is that the total number of positively-charged protons must equal the total number of negatively-charged electrons.
For example, a negative ion with 1 proton and 2 electrons would represent the chemical species Cl– (Chloride ion). However, a negative ion could have a greater number of electrons than protons. A common example is the Sulfur dioxide ion, which has 6 protons and 8 electrons and is generally represented as SO2–.
In general, most negative ions contain more electrons than protons, so the exact number of protons and electrons depends on the chemical species in question.
Does a negative charge have more protons?
No, a negative charge does not have more protons. Protons are positively charged particles, and so have a positive charge. On the other hand, a negative charge is caused by an excess of electrons, which are negatively charged particles.
These two types of charge, positive and negative, are not related to the number or type of particles present; rather, it is the individual charge on each of those particles that determines whether the total charge on a given object is positive or negative.
Do ions have more or less protons?
Ions are atoms or molecules with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons. This charge is caused by the difference in the number of protons and electrons. Therefore, ions can have either more or less protons than the neutral atom.
If there are fewer electrons than protons, the ion will have a positive charge and be called a cation. Conversely, if there are more electrons than protons, the ion will have a negative charge and be called an anion.
What type of ion has less electrons than protons?
An ion with less electrons than protons is a cation, which is an ion with a positive charge as there are more protons than electrons. This positively charged ion is created when an atom or molecule loses at least one electron.
Cations typically form when a metal element combines with a non-metal element, such as sodium combining with chlorine to form sodium chloride (NaCl) where the sodium ion (Na+) will be the cation with one less electron than protons.
These cations may be monatomic, such as a single metal atom or can be composed of many atoms such as a polyatomic ion, like nitrate (NO3-).
Do ions have a different number of protons and neutrons?
Yes, ions have a different number of protons and neutrons. Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost one or more electrons. This creates an electric charge and makes the ion positively or negatively charged.
The number of protons an atom has will never change, as this determines its identity as an element. Therefore, a ion could have more, or fewer, neutrons than the atom or molecule it came from.
Why protons have positive charge and electrons have negative charge?
Protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge due to an imbalance in their quantum structure. Protons are made up of particles known as quarks and are held together by the strong nuclear force.
Quarks have a 2/3 positive charge, making it impossible for a proton to have a neutral charge. Electrons, on the other hand, consist of particles known as leptons. While quarks are held together by strong nuclear force, leptons are held together by the electromagnetic force, which significantly reduces their net charge.
As a result, electrons have a net -1 charge. So, the reason why protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge ultimately boils down to the imbalance in the quantum structure of these particles.
Why are positive ions bigger?
Positive ions form as a result of the loss of one or more electrons by an atom, turning the atom into a cation. While atoms consist of all the same components, the loss of electrons can make it so the cation appears larger than its neutral atom counterpart.
This is because the unbalanced charge of the cation attracts more electron density from the electrons of other atoms, adding to its overall size. This phenomenon, known as the Law of Electrical Nature, states that these cations will attract the opposite charge, leading to its increased size.
In addition, the increased electron density also causes the cation to have a greater polarizability. This means that the cation is more likely to be influenced by the fields of other charges and therefore will also cause a larger size.
Therefore, positive ions are bigger since they have a greater electronic density and polarizability due to the loss of electrons.
