If you have a kidney stone that is simply too large to pass on its own or has gotten stuck within your urinary tract, you will need medical intervention to have it removed. There are several approaches that doctors can take to remove stubborn kidney stones, depending on the size and location of the stone, as well as your overall health and medical history.
1. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
This approach involves using shock waves to break up the kidney stone into smaller pieces that can be more easily passed. During ESWL, you are laid on a soft cushion, and the doctor uses an ultrasound or X-ray to locate the stone. Then, they use a machine to send a shock wave to the stone. The waves are powerful enough to break the stone into smaller pieces, which can then be passed out of your body through urine.
2. Ureteroscopy
This method uses a thin, flexible telescope-like instrument, known as a ureteroscope, to locate and remove kidney stones. During the procedure, the doctor inserts the ureteroscope through the urethra and bladder, and then up into the urinary tract to find the stone. Once the doctor has located the stone, they can remove it using a specialized basket-shaped tool or break it up with a laser.
3. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
This procedure is usually used when the kidney stone is very large, and other methods cannot be used. During this approach, the doctor makes a small incision in your back and creates a tunnel to reach the kidney. Then, they use small instruments to remove the stone. Patients usually require general anesthesia for this procedure.
4. Open Surgery
In rare cases, open surgery may be necessary to remove stubborn kidney stones. This approach is typically only used in situations where other methods have failed or are not suitable. During open surgery, the doctor makes an incision in your side to gain access to the kidney and removes the stone surgically.
It is important to speak with your doctor about the best approach to remove your kidney stone based on the size, location, and overall health condition. For immediate relief of pain caused due to Kidney stone, you can take medications recommended by your doctor and drink plenty of water to help the stone pass on its own.
If it becomes challenging to treat, the above-mentioned treatments can help you to recover as soon as possible.
How are kidney stones removed if you can’t pass them?
If an individual is unable to pass their kidney stones naturally, there are a variety of medical interventions that can be used to remove them. The method chosen will depend on the size, location, and composition of the stones, as well as the overall health of the individual.
One common treatment is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which uses shock waves to break the stones into smaller pieces that can be passed more easily. During ESWL, the patient lies on a table and a machine sends shock waves through the body to the location of the stones. The procedure usually takes about an hour and can cause discomfort or soreness in the treated area for a few days after the treatment.
Another option is ureteroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure that involves inserting a small, flexible camera called a ureteroscope into the urethra and then passing it up into the urinary tract to remove the stones. Ureteroscopy is typically performed under general anesthesia and allows for the precise visualization and removal of stones.
This method is particularly useful for stones that are located higher up in the urinary tract.
In some cases, surgery may be required to remove larger kidney stones or stones that are causing blockages or damage to the urinary tract. This could involve an open surgery procedure or a less invasive laparoscopic surgery, which involves making small incisions and using a camera to guide the surgeon.
The best treatment approach will depend on the specifics of each individual case, and the decision will be made by a healthcare professional in consultation with the patient.
What happens if a kidney stone Cannot be passed?
If a kidney stone cannot be passed, it may lead to complications and require medical intervention. The size and location of the stone can determine the severity of the situation.
If the stone is too large and obstructing the flow of urine, it can cause a backup of urine in the affected kidney or ureter, increasing pressure and potentially causing severe pain, inflammation, infection, and damage to the kidneys. This condition, known as hydronephrosis, requires immediate attention as it can have serious consequences if left untreated.
If the stone is blocking the ureter or the urethra, it can lead to urinary tract infections, bladder damage, or even damage to the urinary tract system. Additionally, if the stone is jagged or has sharp edges, it can cause bleeding and serious injury to the ureter or bladder.
In some cases, the stone may require intervention from a healthcare professional to be removed. This can involve procedures like lithotripsy, a non-invasive technique that uses shock waves to break the stone into small pieces that can be excreted through urination. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the stone.
If left untreated, a kidney stone that cannot be passed can lead to further complications and damage to the kidneys and urinary tract system. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if experiencing symptoms of a kidney stone or if unable to pass a stone on your own. At-home remedies such as increased fluid intake and pain medication may provide temporary relief but are not guaranteed to fully resolve the situation.
When should you go to the ER for kidney stones?
If you are experiencing severe pain on the side or back, near your ribs, that may also radiate to the lower abdomen or groin, and that causes nausea and vomiting, then you should consider going to the ER for kidney stones.
The size and location of the kidney stone may also determine if you need medical attention urgently. For example, if the kidney stone is large and is blocking the urinary tract, causing urine to build up and prevent the kidneys from working correctly, then you should seek emergency care.
Another instance when going to the ER for kidney stones is necessary is when you have signs of an infection, such as fever, chills, or blood in your urine. These symptoms could indicate that the kidney stone has caused an infection, which can quickly become severe if left untreated.
It is also essential to be aware of any pre-existing medical conditions that could complicate kidney stone symptoms, such as a history of kidney disease or a weakened immune system. In such cases, it is best to contact your healthcare provider or seek emergency care immediately to avoid any potential complications.
Kidney stones can cause severe pain and lead to life-threatening complications. If you experience severe pain, signs of infection, or have pre-existing medical conditions that could worsen kidney stone symptoms, it is best to seek emergency care without delay.
What size of kidney stone requires surgery?
The size of kidney stone that requires surgery can vary depending on a variety of factors. These factors can include the location of the stone within the urinary tract, the overall health of the patient, and the severity of symptoms being experienced. In general, larger kidney stones that are unable to pass through the urinary tract on their own will require surgical intervention.
Typically, kidney stones that are smaller than 4mm in diameter will pass through the urinary tract without issue. Stones larger than 4mm but smaller than 10mm may also pass on their own, but may require medication to assist with pain management and to help the stone to pass. Stones larger than 10mm, however, are unlikely to pass on their own and may require surgical removal.
Surgical options for kidney stone removal can include extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which uses sound waves to break up the stone into smaller pieces for easier passage, or ureteroscopy, which involves using a small scope to locate and remove the stone.
It’s important to note that each case is unique and requires individualized assessment by a healthcare professional. Even smaller kidney stones can cause significant pain and discomfort, and surgical intervention may be recommended based on the specific circumstances of the case. Overall, prompt evaluation and treatment of kidney stones is important in preventing complications and reducing the risk of future stones.
Which is better lithotripsy or laser?
Both lithotripsy and laser treatment are effective therapies for treating kidney stones. Lithotripsy involves using sound waves to break up the stones into small pieces that can be easily passed through the urine. On the other hand, laser treatment involves using a special laser to break up the stones into smaller fragments that can then be easily passed through the urine.
One of the main advantages of lithotripsy is that it is non-invasive, which means that there is no need for surgery or general anesthesia. This makes it a safer and less risky option for patients who may have other underlying health issues. Another advantage is that it is a relatively quick procedure, with most patients being able to return to their normal activities within a few days.
However, one of the main disadvantages of lithotripsy is that it may not be effective for larger stones. In addition, some patients may experience discomfort or pain during the procedure, although this is usually mild and can be managed with painkillers.
On the other hand, laser treatment may be more effective for larger stones, and it is often used when lithotripsy is not an option. It is also a minimally invasive procedure, which means that it involves less pain and a shorter recovery time than traditional surgery.
However, one of the main drawbacks of laser treatment is that it can be more expensive than other treatments, including lithotripsy. In addition, there is a small risk of complications during the procedure, although these are rare.
The choice between lithotripsy and laser treatment will depend on the individual patient’s needs and the size and location of the kidney stones. A urologist or other healthcare provider can help determine which treatment is best suited for a patient based on their medical history and the nature of their kidney stones.
Can kidney stones stay in the kidney forever?
Kidney stones are hard, crystalline mineral formations that can develop in the kidneys or urinary tract. They are formed from solidified deposits of minerals and salts, which accumulate in the urine and eventually crystallize to form stone-like structures. While kidney stones can be passed out of the body through the urinary tract, it is also possible for them to stay in the kidney indefinitely.
The likelihood of a kidney stone staying in the kidney depends on a variety of factors, including its size, shape, and location in the kidney. Small stones that are less than 4 mm in size are more likely to pass through the urinary tract and out of the body without medical intervention. However, larger stones may become lodged in the kidney or urinary tract, causing discomfort and pain.
In some cases, kidney stones may be asymptomatic and do not require treatment. These stones may remain in the kidney for years without causing any complications or symptoms. However, larger stones or stones that cause symptoms may require medical attention.
There are various treatment options for kidney stones, ranging from conservative management to surgical intervention. Conservative management includes pain management, hydration, and lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes. However, if conservative management fails or the stones are too large to pass naturally, more invasive treatments may be required.
While it is possible for kidney stones to stay in the kidney forever, it depends on the size and location of the stones, as well as individual factors such as the presence of symptoms. If you suspect you have kidney stones, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the best course of treatment.
Can your body naturally break down kidney stones?
Yes, the human body has the ability to naturally break down kidney stones over time. However, the process can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months depending on the size and type of stone.
The primary way the body breaks down kidney stones is through the natural passage of urine. As the stones move through the urinary tract, they may become smaller due to friction with the walls of the urinary tract or other stones. Additionally, urine contains substances that can help dissolve some types of kidney stones, such as citrate and magnesium.
Drinking plenty of water is also key to naturally breaking down kidney stones. This helps flush out the urinary tract, allowing stones to pass more easily. In some cases, doctors may recommend drinking even more water than usual to help dissolve certain types of stones.
In addition to water, certain dietary changes may help break down kidney stones. For example, a diet high in fruits and vegetables and low in salt and animal protein may help prevent the formation of new stones and break down existing ones. Certain fruits and vegetables, such as lemons and asparagus, may also help dissolve stones.
In some cases, other natural remedies may be used to break down kidney stones. For example, drinking certain types of herbal tea, such as dandelion root tea, may help dissolve stones. Additionally, some people use apple cider vinegar, olive oil, or lemon juice to help break down stones.
However, it should be noted that not all kidney stones can be naturally broken down. In some cases, medical intervention may be necessary to remove or break up larger stones that cannot pass on their own. Additionally, some types of stones, such as cystine stones, may require medication or other treatments to dissolve.
Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones.
Are you put to sleep for lithotripsy?
Lithotripsy is a medical procedure that is commonly used to break up kidney stones or urinary tract stones that are too large to pass naturally. During the lithotripsy procedure, sound waves are targeted at the stones to break them down into smaller pieces, which can then be passed through the urinary tract more easily.
Whether or not a patient is put to sleep during lithotripsy depends on a variety of factors, including the size and location of the stones, the specific type of lithotripsy being used, and the patient’s individual medical history and preferences.
Many lithotripsy procedures involve the use of sedation or general anesthesia to help the patient relax and avoid discomfort during the procedure. Sedation can be given through an IV, and may include medications like Valium or Propofol to help the patient feel drowsy and relaxed. General anesthesia, on the other hand, requires the patient to be completely unconscious, and may be needed for more complex or invasive lithotripsy procedures.
That being said, there are certain types of lithotripsy procedures that can be performed without any form of sedation or anesthesia. For example, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) involves using shock waves to break up the stones, and is typically performed while the patient is lying down on a cushion-filled bed.
While some patients may prefer to be sedated during this procedure, it is possible to perform ESWL without any form of anesthesia.
The decision of whether or not to use sedation or anesthesia during lithotripsy will depend on a variety of factors, including the patient’s medical history, the size and location of the stones, and the surgeon’s preference. Patients should discuss their options with their healthcare provider to determine the best approach for their individual needs.
How long do you stay in hospital after kidney stone removal?
The duration of hospital stay following kidney stone removal varies depending on several factors such as the size and location of the kidney stone, the type of procedure used to remove the kidney stone, and the individual’s overall health condition.
For small kidney stones that are less than 5mm in size, minimally invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or ureteroscopy may be used to remove the kidney stone. These procedures typically do not require hospitalization, and patients can usually be discharged on the same day of the procedure or the following day.
For larger kidney stones that are greater than 5mm in size, more invasive procedures such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy or open surgery may be needed to remove the stone. These procedures often require a longer hospitalization period ranging from 2-5 days or more, depending on the complexity of the procedure and the individual’s overall health status.
In addition, recovery time following kidney stone removal also varies from person to person. It may take several days to a few weeks to fully recover from the procedure, during which time patients may experience pain, discomfort, and urinary symptoms.
Overall, the duration of hospital stay following kidney stone removal depends on several factors, and individuals should discuss with their healthcare provider to better understand their particular situation and expected recovery time.
Do they sedate you to remove kidney stones?
It depends on the method used to remove the kidney stones. There are several ways to remove kidney stones, including:
1. Shock wave lithotripsy: This is a non-invasive procedure where shock waves are sent through the body to break up the kidney stones into small pieces. This procedure is typically done under sedation or anesthesia to reduce discomfort and anxiety.
2. Ureteroscopy: This is a minimally invasive procedure where a small ureteroscope (a thin, flexible instrument with a camera) is inserted through the urethra and bladder to the ureter, where the kidney stone is located. The stone is then removed using a special tool. This procedure is usually done under general or regional anesthesia to reduce discomfort.
3. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): This is a surgical procedure where a small incision is made in the back and a tube is inserted through the skin and into the kidney to remove the stone. This procedure is done under general anesthesia.
In all of these procedures, sedation or anesthesia is typically used to reduce pain, discomfort, and anxiety during the procedure. The level of sedation or anesthesia used may vary depending on the individual patient’s needs and the specific procedure being done. Your doctor will discuss the best option for you based on your medical history and the size and location of your kidney stone.
What happens if stones don’t pass after lithotripsy?
Lithotripsy is a medical procedure that uses shock waves to break up kidney stones, bladder stones or ureter stones into smaller pieces so that they can be passed more easily while urinating. This procedure is a non-invasive and effective method of treating urolithiasis, or urinary stone disease. In most cases, patients are treated successfully with lithotripsy and are able to pass the broken up stones without any complications.
However, in rare cases, stones may not pass after lithotripsy.
Persistent stones after lithotripsy can lead to several complications. The presence of stones in the urinary tract can cause discomfort, pain, and may even cause obstruction of the urinary tract, which can lead to complications such as urinary tract infections, hydronephrosis (swelling of the kidney due to blockage), and even kidney damage.
In some cases, surgical intervention may be required to remove the remaining stones, especially when they are too large or when they are stuck in the urinary tract.
If stones don’t pass after lithotripsy, your doctor may recommend additional treatments such as ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, or open surgery to remove the stones. Ureteroscopy involves using a small scope inserted through the urethra into the bladder and up into the ureter to visualize and remove the stones.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy involves making a small incision in the back to insert a scope into the kidney to remove the stones. Open surgery is a more invasive procedure that involves making a large incision to directly remove the stones.
It is crucial to seek medical attention if you experience persistent pain, discomfort, or other symptoms after lithotripsy. These symptoms usually indicate the presence of stones that have not been passed. Your doctor will recommend further treatment to ensure that the stones are removed and to prevent any further complications.
It is always better to treat the condition as soon as possible to avoid any long-term damage to the urinary system.
Can I walk after lithotripsy?
Yes, you can walk after lithotripsy. Lithotripsy is a medical procedure that is used to break up kidney stones or other stones in the body using shock waves. It is a non-invasive and relatively safe procedure that is performed on an outpatient basis. After lithotripsy, you may experience some discomfort or pain in the targeted area, but this will usually subside within a few hours or days.
It is important to note that while lithotripsy is usually an effective treatment for kidney stones or other stones, it is not a guaranteed cure. Depending on the size and location of the stones, you may need to undergo additional treatments or procedures to fully remove them from your body.
In terms of walking after lithotripsy, your doctor will likely recommend that you take it easy for the first few days and avoid any strenuous activity or heavy lifting. However, light walking or other low-impact activities can actually help to stimulate blood flow and aid in the healing process. Your doctor can give you specific instructions on how much activity is safe and appropriate for you based on your individual situation.
In addition to walking, your doctor may also advise you to drink plenty of water and other fluids after lithotripsy to help flush out any remaining stone fragments from your body. They may also prescribe pain medication or other medications to help manage any discomfort or side effects that you may experience.
Overall, the recovery time after lithotripsy can vary depending on the type and severity of the stones, as well as your individual health and medical history. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions and take any necessary precautions to ensure a safe and effective recovery. With proper care and attention, most patients are able to resume their normal activities within a few days or weeks after lithotripsy.
Are you awake during shock wave lithotripsy?
Shock wave lithotripsy is a medical procedure that is used to remove kidney stones from the body without surgery. This procedure involves using high-energy shock waves to break up the stones into smaller pieces, which can then be passed out of the body through the urine.
One of the most common questions that people have about this procedure is whether they will be awake during the treatment. The answer is yes, you will be awake during shock wave lithotripsy. In fact, the procedure is usually carried out with the patient lying down on a table and the shock waves being directed at the kidney using a special ultrasound or X-ray machine.
While you are awake during the procedure, you will typically be given pain medication to help manage any discomfort or pain that you may experience as a result of the shock waves. In addition, you may also be given sedatives or anesthesia to help you relax and stay comfortable during the procedure.
Throughout the procedure, you will generally be monitored closely by healthcare professionals to ensure that everything is going smoothly and that you are not experiencing any complications. This may involve monitoring your heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels, as well as keeping track of any changes in your level of consciousness or ability to respond to commands.
Overall, while you will be awake during shock wave lithotripsy, the procedure is generally well-tolerated and carries a low risk of complications. With the assistance of pain medication and sedatives, most patients are able to remain comfortable and relaxed throughout the procedure, and are able to return home the same day after a brief period of observation in the recovery room.
Is lithotripsy done under anesthesia?
Lithotripsy is a medical procedure that is performed to break up kidney stones into smaller pieces so that they can pass easily through the urinary tract. This procedure is usually done in an outpatient setting, which means that the patient is not required to stay in the hospital overnight.
When it comes to whether or not lithotripsy is done under anesthesia, the answer largely depends on the type of lithotripsy procedure that is being performed. There are two main types of lithotripsy procedures: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopy.
ESWL is a non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up kidney stones from outside the body. This procedure is generally performed under some form of anesthesia, although the type and level of anesthesia used may vary depending on the length of the procedure, the patient’s medical history, and other factors.
Most ESWL procedures are done under conscious sedation, which means that the patient is awake but drowsy and relaxed. A mild sedative is given through an IV line, and the patient is monitored throughout the procedure to ensure their comfort and safety.
In some cases, general anesthesia may be used for ESWL, particularly if the patient is unable to stay still during the procedure, has a history of adverse reactions to sedatives, or has a medical condition that increases their risk for complications.
Ureteroscopy, by comparison, is an invasive procedure that involves using a small, flexible scope to visualize the inside of the urinary tract and break up stones with specialized tools. This procedure is generally done under general anesthesia, which means that the patient is completely asleep and unaware during the procedure.
The decision to use general anesthesia for ureteroscopy is typically based on a number of factors, including the complexity of the procedure, the patient’s medical history, and their individual preferences and needs.
The use of anesthesia for lithotripsy depends on the type of procedure being performed, as well as the individual circumstances and preferences of the patient and their healthcare provider. Most ESWL procedures are performed under conscious sedation, while ureteroscopy is generally done under general anesthesia.
However, there may be variations and exceptions to these general guidelines, and patients are encouraged to discuss their options with their doctor to determine the best approach for their individual needs.
